Surprisingly few. Even the 的 to の thing doesn’t really work since you use 的 after adjectives in Chinese (if I’m remembering correctly) but you don’t use の after adjectives in Japanese
The similarities lie mainly in vocabulary. I have friend whose native language is Chinese. Her general reading and writing skills in Japanese are very very low, but she can pretty easily read a newspaper in Japanese by just ignoring all the hiragana and only reading the kanji.
As someone who is fluent in both, the grammatical similarities are incredibly few. The 的 and の similarity is only for the possessive particle — other uses of 的 and の will not align. In general Mandarin and Japanese are very distant in terms of grammar. For example, Japanese verbs are conjugated with multiple suffixes while Mandarin doesn’t have conjugation.
One benefit of learning Japanese is that you can easily guess the meaning of a lot of text through Chinese characters, but that’s more due to orthography than grammar.
Very, very few.
There’s a kind-of-joke between some of the Chinese people in my Japanese study group that 把 is the weeb particle because it gives Chinese a slightly more Japanese word order
Chinese also likes to topicalize a lot the way Japanese does, but it doesn’t often use a topic marker when doing so
A lot of affixes are also almost the same: 本〇/○語/等等
There are also a lot of parts of Japanese which are explicitly Chinese that modern Mandarin doesn’t have. For example, Japanese pronouns are a culturally Chinese concept
The numbering system is the same, and Chinese also uses the concept of counters.
As a Japanese speaker with a passing acquaintance with Mandarin (six months study), grammatically very little. However, part of the reason I stopped taking the class was that I’d underestimated how much Japanese would help with reading and remembering characters. My classmates kept wanting to slow down, and I… didn’t need to.
I should look into taking classes again now I’m back in Japan, but I might encounter different issues when learning alongside Japanese native speakers!
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Surprisingly few. Even the 的 to の thing doesn’t really work since you use 的 after adjectives in Chinese (if I’m remembering correctly) but you don’t use の after adjectives in Japanese
The similarities lie mainly in vocabulary. I have friend whose native language is Chinese. Her general reading and writing skills in Japanese are very very low, but she can pretty easily read a newspaper in Japanese by just ignoring all the hiragana and only reading the kanji.
As someone who is fluent in both, the grammatical similarities are incredibly few. The 的 and の similarity is only for the possessive particle — other uses of 的 and の will not align. In general Mandarin and Japanese are very distant in terms of grammar. For example, Japanese verbs are conjugated with multiple suffixes while Mandarin doesn’t have conjugation.
One benefit of learning Japanese is that you can easily guess the meaning of a lot of text through Chinese characters, but that’s more due to orthography than grammar.
Very, very few.
There’s a kind-of-joke between some of the Chinese people in my Japanese study group that 把 is the weeb particle because it gives Chinese a slightly more Japanese word order
Chinese also likes to topicalize a lot the way Japanese does, but it doesn’t often use a topic marker when doing so
A lot of affixes are also almost the same: 本〇/○語/等等
There are also a lot of parts of Japanese which are explicitly Chinese that modern Mandarin doesn’t have. For example, Japanese pronouns are a culturally Chinese concept
The numbering system is the same, and Chinese also uses the concept of counters.
As a Japanese speaker with a passing acquaintance with Mandarin (six months study), grammatically very little. However, part of the reason I stopped taking the class was that I’d underestimated how much Japanese would help with reading and remembering characters. My classmates kept wanting to slow down, and I… didn’t need to.
I should look into taking classes again now I’m back in Japan, but I might encounter different issues when learning alongside Japanese native speakers!