I have been studying Japanese as a school student, and we recently hosted some students from Hiroshima. I’ll be hosted by them soon, and I wanted to put in some effort to learn Hiroshima dialect. The student I hosted helped me write a 自己紹介 speech, and I was a bit confused by how she had written and phrased some things. Her explanations were in Japanese, and when I asked my teacher for help, it helped me understand it in English to a degree, but not how to apply it in Japanese. Her explanations are as follows:
がっとる、かっとるとか「〜とる」って言うのは〜してるって意味
繋がっとる=繋がる+してる
飼っとる=have+してる
「なんよ」は
〜だよって意味
If anyone could also outline some key aspects of Hiroshima dialect or correct any mistakes I made in the below notes, that would be greatly appreciated. ありがとうございます!
じゃけん instead of なので or だから (because)
おいでませ instead of いらっしゃいませ
‘だ’ often changes into ‘じゃ’ in Hiroshima dialect.
For example:
だけど = じゃけど
‘ない’ turns into ‘ん’.
For example:
食べない = 食べん
しない = せえへん
Te-form followed by 下さい turns into ‘んさい’ (masu form). Negative te-form followed by 下さい turns into ‘んさんな’ (masu form).
For example:
書いてください = 書きんさい
飲まないでください = 飲みんさんな
‘てあげる’ and ‘であげる’ turn into ‘ちゃる’ and ‘じゃる’.
For example:
教えてあげる = 教えちゃる = let me show/teach you
選んであげる = 選んじゃる = let me decide/make a choice
‘ている’ becomes ‘よる’ (but with masu form instead).
For example:
見ている = 見よる
飲んでいる = 飲みよる
‘てもいい’ becomes ‘てもええ’
The ‘と’ in ‘と思う’ gets omitted.
For example:
きれいだと思わない? = きれいだ思わん? = Don’t you think it’s pretty?
それは難しいだと思います。 = それは難しいだ思います。 = I think it is difficult.
日本に留学しようと思っています。 = 日本に留学しよう思いよる。 = I have been thinking of going to study abroad in Japan.
The ‘に’ in ‘に行く’ gets omitted.
5 comments
とる/どる is from ておる/でおる, よる is from おる with a glide added.
ちゃる/じゃる are from てやる/でやる and in Kansaiben result in たる/だる.
んさんな is from なさるな.
それは難しいだと思います is wrong. No だ after i-adjectives.
Another note: Hiroshimaben uses じゃ instead of だ. So whereas in standard JP you’ll see だ/だろ/じゃん, in Kansaiben you’ll see や/やろ/やん, and in Hiroshimaben you’ll see じゃ/じゃろ/じゃん.
This page was helpful when I was trying to understand (probably fake) hiroshimaben in a game. Looks like the site went down, thank god for wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20230324103419/https://hiroshimaben.net/
Well I mean sure, but western dialects frequently follow a separate set of rules in pitch accent.
Unless you nail the words and whatnot, it might actually end up even more confusing.
I’ve lived in Hiroshima for over a decade.
> おいでませ instead of いらっしゃいませ
I don’t think I’ve heard this, ever. It might be more toward Osaka?
> しない = せえへん
This is more typically Kansai. In Hiroshima, people do just say せん.
> Te-form followed by 下さい turns into ‘んさい’ (masu form). Negative te-form followed by 下さい turns into ‘んさんな’ (masu form).
Note that the nuance changes and becomes more casual. 書きんさい can be friendly even, and 飲みんさんな sounds very rough.
> ‘てもいい’ becomes ‘てもええ’
This isn’t universal.
> The ‘と’ in ‘と思う’ gets omitted.
I dunno where you heard this so I wanna be careful about denying this, but this sounds straight up grammatically incorrect and I’ve never heard it.
> The ‘に’ in ‘に行く’ gets omitted.
This isn’t unique to Hiroshima, but a feature of casual Kapamese in general. Particles can be dropped in casual speech when obvious.
Sounds very similar to Hakataben to me. Western/southern accents are quite similar.